System of control



A. H. CANDEE.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLlCATlON FILED FEB. 3, 1917.

1,352,427, Patentd Sept. 14,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

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WITNESSES: A EIVENTZR a B ndrew an ee. 0r BY j ATTORNEY A. H. CANDEE.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.3,1917.

Patnted Sept. 14,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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WITNESSES: INVENTOR 67. Andre w k1. Candee.

BY 14 8. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW H. CAN'DEE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA,

ASSIGNOR TO WESTING- VANIA.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

Application filed February 3, 1917. Serial No. 146,456.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known'that I, ANDREW H. CANDEE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems ofControl, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of control and particularly to systemsof control for electric vehicles which are propelled by storagebatteries.

One object of my invention is to provide a control system tora pluralityof propelling motors which shall accelerate the motors in series and inparallel-circuits relation without the use of accelerating resistors andwhile maintaining the motor circuit closed.

Another object of my invention is to provide a control system of theabove-indicated character for connecting the motors contained therein invarious circuit relations with a plurality of sources of energy whichmay be arranged in series and in parallelcircuit relation.

More specifically, my invention embodies a control system having aplurality of propelling motors, each of which is provided 7 with anarmature and a plurality of field windings. A plurality of sources ofenergy will be inserted in circuit with the motors and a controller willbe provided for connecting the sources of energy, the motors and thefield windings in series and in parallel-circuit relation.

Control systems have been constructed for storage-battery locomotiveswherein the acceleration of the motors in series and in parallel-circuitrelation is accomplished by means of accelerating resistors whichnecessarily entail a considerable loss of energy.

However, according to my invention, the storage battery and the fieldwindings of each motor are divided into sections. A controller isprovided for placing the battery sections,.the motors and the fieldwinding sections in series and in parallel-circuit relation. whereby themotors may be accelerated without extended loss of energy and the motorcircuit maintained closed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of acontrol system embodying my invention; and Figs. 2 to 13, inclusive, arediagrammatic views of the various circuits which are completed throughthe motors in of the controller.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, two motors M1 and M2, embodyingarmatures A1 and A2 and field windings F 1 and F2 and F3 and F4, areadapted to be connected to storage batteries B1 and B2 by means of acontroller 1. The controller 1 embodies movable contact segments 2 to13, inclusive, which engage contact fingers 14 and 16 to 31, inclusive,to connect the batteries B1 and B2, motors M1 and M2 and the fieldwindings F1 to F 4, inclusive, in series and in parallel-circuitrelation relative to ea h other.

lVhen the controller is moved to position a, a circult is com leted inseries through the motors M1 and 2 and the parallel-connected batteriesB1 and B2, which may be traced from one terminal of the armature A1through the field winding F1, contact finger 26, controller segment 6,contact finger 25, field winding F2. contact fingers 22 and 23, whichare bridged by the controller segment 5, armature A2, field winding F3,contact fingers 29 and 30, which are bridged by the control er segment.10, field winding F4, contact finger 17 and controller segment 2, herethe circuit divides, one branch extending from the controller segment 2through the contact finger 16. battery B2, contact finger 20, controllersegment 4 and contact finger 21 to the armature A1, and the secondbranch extending from the controller segment 2 through the contactfinger 18 and the battery B1 to the armature A1. Thus, a circuit iscompleted through the motors M1 and M2 and the batteries B1 and B2, asis illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

In case the controller is moved to position I). the field windingsections F1 and F2 and F3 and F4 are respectively placed inseriesparallel relation relative to the armatures A1 and A2, as isillustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The circuit through the motorsmay be traced from the armature A1, where the circuit divides, onebranch extending through the field winding F1, contact finger 26 andcontroller segment 6 to the contact finger 27. and the second branchextending through the contact finger 24, controller segment 7 contactfinger 25 and field winding F2 to the contact fingers 22 and 23, whichare bridged by the controller segment 5, and armature A2 where thecircuit divides, one

the various positions branch extending through the field winding F3,contact finger 30 and the controller segment 10 to the contact terminal31, and the second branch extending through the contact finger 28,controller segment 11, contact finger 29 and the field winding sect1on mto' the contact linger 31, contact finger 17 and controller segment 2 inparallel throu 'hthe batteries B1 and to the armature 1.

Between position Z) and position 0 are two transition positions 2b and3b. In the transition position 2?), the motors M1 and M2 are returned toseries-circuit relation, as illus traied in Fig. 2 of the drawings, andthe motor M2 is shunted by means of the controller segment 2 engagingcontact fingers 14-, as is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. a 01 thedrawings. in the transition position 3?), the controller segment 5 isdisengaged from contact with t is contact lingers 22 and 23 to lude themotor M2 from the circuit of the batteries B1 and B2, as is illustratedin Fig. of the drawings.

When the controller is moved to position 0, the controller segment 4engages the contact finger 22 to place the batteries and the motors inseries-parallel circuit relation relative to each other, as isillustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

li hen the controller is moved to position (Z, the battery B2 isconnected in series with the motor M2, the field-winding sections F3 andFl of which are connected in parallel relation relative to each other,and the battery B1 is connected in series with the motor M1, thefield-winding sections F1 and F2 of which are connected in parallelrelation relative to each other. The circuit through the motor M1 may betraced from one terminal of the battery B1 through the armature A1 wherethe circuit divides, one branch extending through the field winding F1,contact finger 26, and controller segment 6 to the contact finger 27,and the other branch extending through the contact finger 2 1,controller segment 8, contact finger 25 and the field winding F2 to thecontact finger 27, where the two branch circuits unite, contact finger14, controller segment 2 and the contact fin er 17 to the other terminalof the batter'y Bl. T he circuit through the motor M2 may be traced fromone terminal of the battery B2 through contact fingers 20 and 22, whichare bridged by the controller segment 14:, armature A2 where the circuitdi ides, one branch extending through the field winding F3, contactfinger 30 and controller segment 10 to the contact finger 31, and thesecond branch extending through contact finger 28, controller segment.12, contact finger 29 and the field winding F4 to the contact finger 31,where the two branch circuits unite, contact finger 17, controllersegment 2 and contact finger 16 to the other terminal of the battery B2.

Between position cl and position 6 arefour transition positions 2d, 3d,41d and 5d during which the batteries are changed 110111 1321-allel-circuit relation to series-circuit relation. in the transitionposition 2d, the battery B1 and the motor M1 are excluded from the motorcircuit and the battery B2 and'the motor M2 are connected inseriescircuit relation, as is illustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings; lhe circuit through the motor M2 may be traced from one terminal of thebattery B2 through contact fingers 20 and 22, which are bridged by thecontroller segment a, armature A2, field winding F3, contact fingers 29and 30, which are bridged by the controller segment 10, field winding F1, contact finger 1?, controller segment 2 and the contact finger 16 tothe other terminal of the battery B2. In the transition position 3d, oneterminal of the battery B1 is connected to the battery 132, as is illustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawings.

In the transition position 4d, the motor M2 is connected in series withthe battery B2, as was traced in describing the transition position 2d,and the motor M1 is connected in series with the batteries B1 and B2, asis illustrated inFig. 10 of the drawings. The circuit through the motorM1 may be traced from one terminal oi the battery B1 through thearmature A1, field winding F1, contact fingers 25 and 26, which arebridged by the controller segment 6, field winding F2, contact finger14, controller segment 2, contact finger 16, battery B2, and the contactfingers 17 and 19, which are bridged by the controller segment 3, to theother terminal of the battery B1. In the transition position 5025, thecontroller segment l is disengaged from contact with the contact finger20, and the motor M2 is eX- eluded from circuit of the battery B2, as isillustrated in Fig. 11 of the drawings.

In position a, the batteries B1 and B2 are connected in series-circuitrelation and the motors M1 and M2 are connected in parallelcircuitrelation, as is illustrated in Fig. 12 of the drawings. lhe circuitthrough the motors M1 and M2 may be traced from one terminal of thebattery B2 through the contact fingers 18 and 19 which are bridged bythe controller segment 3, battery B1 where the circuit divides, onebranch extending through the armature A1, field winding F1, contactfingers 25and 26, which are bridged by the controller segment 6, and thefield winding F2 to the contact finger 14, and the second branchextending through the contact fingers 21 and 22, which are brid ed bythe controller segment 1, armature Z2, field winding F3, contact fingers29 and 30, which are bridged by the controller segment 10, and fieldwinding F4 to the contact finger 1 1,- where the two branch circuitsunite, controller segment 2 and the contact finger 16 to the otherterminal of the battery B2.

In position of the controller, the field winding sections F3 and F4 andF1 and F2 are placed in parallel-circuit relation, as is illustrated in1* lg. 13 of the drawings.

Variations in the structure and arrange ment and location of parts maybe made within the spirit and scope of my invention and suchmodifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a 3}50111 of mntrol, the combination with a plin'ality of sourcesof energy and a plurality of motors, of means for operating the motorsin series relation and the batteries in parallel relation, forconnecting the batteries in series with one motor, and for op u'atingthe batteries in series and the motors in parallel-circuit relation.

2. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of storagebatteries and a plurality of motors, each of said motors having anarmature and a plurality of field windings, of means for connecting thebatteries in parallel and in series-circuit relation, for connecting themotors in various circuit relations and for connecting the fieldwindings of each motor in various circuit relations relative to thearmature associated tl'ierewith, the motor circuit being maintainedclosed and free from resistors.

3. In a system of control for a storage battery locomotive, the methodwhich consists in connecting parallel-connected batteries in circuitwith seriesconnected motors, connecting the motor field windings inseriesparallel relation to the armatures associated therewith,connecting the batteries in series and the motors in parallel relation,and connecting the field windings of each motor in series-parallelrelation to the armature associated therewith.

4. In a system of control, the method of changing a plurality of sourcesof energy from parallel to series-circuit relation when connected incircuit with a plurality of motors, which consists in connecting onesource in series with one of the motors, connecting the two sources inseries with one motor and one source in series with one motor, excludingone motor from circuit and connecting the two motors in parallelrelation with the series-connected batteries.

5. In a system of control, the method of changing a plurality of sourcesof energy from parallel to series-circuit relation when connected incircuit with a plurality of motors. which consists in connecting onebattery in series with one of the motors, connecting the two batteriesin series with one motor and connecting the two motors in parallelrelation with the series-connected batteries.

6. The method of operating a plurality of motors and sources of energyin various circuit relations which consists in connecting said sourcesin one relation with said motors in another relation, connecting themotor field windings and armatures in series-parallel relation, changingthe individual relations of said sources and said motors, and connectingthe field windings of each motor in series-parallel relation to thecorrespondin armature.

n testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th day ofJ an., 1917.

ANDREl/V H. CANDEE.

